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逸事：winsock導致網絡連接異常
（本文實寫於20140701）
昨天艾寧拎着電腦說上不去網，我就順手一查，結果發現這個事。
幾個基本情況：
操作系統是Windows7 64bit Home Basic，360之類的東西在我的勸說下卸載了，殺毒/反間諜軟件用的是微軟的MSE和Windows Defender。
之所以說是異事，因爲本身它有網絡連接，甚至共享網絡（通過自帶的Microsoft Virtual Wifi Adapter）給手機當AP時，手機都可以正常上網。
在確保有網絡連接的情況下（月底了，流量還有不少，就用我的手機當熱點），測試了一些命令，可以訪問因特網：
- ping
- tracert
- nslookup
- ftp
上面幾個命令發送了ICMP、UDP、TCP數據包，均可以訪問，說明並沒有哪個地方對特定類型包進行過濾。
本來還打算試試SSH，但是沒有合適的工具。抱着碰運氣的心態裝32bit的cygwin（沒有64位的包），嘗試ssh說無法解析，百思不得其解，於是又給刪掉了。
這裏有一個好玩的事：在*nix下，traceroute/tracepath使用的是UDP，而windows的tracert命令發送的是ICMP包。
但是當使用網絡瀏覽器時，不論是HTTP還是FTP都會出問題。
最後上網搜查一番，查到了一條命令：
netsh winsock reset
本來衹是抱着試試看的心態，結果還真就有用……
再細查，這條命令的作用是重置winsock。所以我就奇怪：winsock是何方神聖，會引起這麼大的問題？繼續翻閱資料，發現這貨其實就是windows的套接口API，原來叫Windows Sockets API，後來嫌長就給縮短了……
修復了這個問題之後，我仔細問她究竟做了些什麼。結果發現：她什麼都沒做……且網上搜到的那些文章也都說是莫名其妙就出了問題。
所以……原因完全找不到，也不知道這個問題下次什麼時候會發作……
再加上windows經常出現的奇怪死鎖現象（見這篇文章）……
三分慶幸：幸好不用windows多年了……
七分憂慮：windows上究竟有多少預料外的事會發生……
參考資料：
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winsock
http://my.oschina.net/u/246088/blog/71531
http://biaobiaoqi.me/blog/2013/04/23/winsock-kills-internet/
另，如有哪位知道原因，煩請賜教，在此謝過。
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